| a chimpanzee sanctuary - un sanctuaire pour chimpanzés |
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Volume 4, number 3 — September 2001 |
Primate research centres compiled by Diana Goodrich The following is a list of some primate medical research and breeding facilities in the United States. Biomedical research involving nonhuman animals is a big business for the US and the majority of the research is funding by taxpayers through the National Institutes of Health. Citizens of the United States and interested and concerned people throughout the world have the right to know what research is being conducted at these facilities and what knowledge has been gained from the research. A few examples of current research are listed, but this does not represent all of the research being done on nonhuman primates. Consider how many of the diseases and conditions being researched occur naturally in humans who would serve as ideal research subjects, rather than artificially creating disease in species who probably do not react the same way to the disease as humans. Please write to the individual facilities for more information or to express your opinion that primates should not be used in biomedical research. There are more than 19,000 animals (with more being born every day) representing more than 30 different species of nonhuman primates, mostly macaques, at the following Regional Primate Research Centers. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- California Regional Primate Research Center Contact: Examples of current research: Toxic effects of certain agents that are likely to result in embryonic abnormalities, mechanisms of zinc deficiency in abnormal development, and the effects of air pollutants and disease on the respiratory system; lung growth and aging. Primate species: cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), rhesus macaque (M. mulatta). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- New England Regional Primate Research Center Center Director and contact: Examples of current research: use of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) as a model for AIDS in rhesus monkeys, neurobiology and behavioral pharmacology of cocaine abuse. Primate species: Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus macaque (M. fascicularis), common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), and squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Other species can be obtained as required. Animals with exceptional characteristics (specific-pathogen-free, timed pregnancy, surgically altered, etc.) can be made available if needed. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oregon Regional Primate Research Center Contact: Examples of current research: factors that control sperm motility and maturation (some studies involving electro-ejaculation), research into degenerative diseases, human and animal models related to retrovirus infections. Primate species: Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata), rhesus macaque (M. mulatta), pigtailed macaque (M. nemestrina); white-fronted capuchin (Cebus albifrons), tufted capuchin (C. apella). Includes an outdoor troop of about 190 Macaca fuscata and a colony of 2,100 Macaca mulatta. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Southwest Regional Primate Research Center Contact: Examples of current research: genetic and environmental bases for susceptibility to atherosclerosis, hypertension, osteoporosis, obesity, and infectious diseases; infectious disease research of AIDS; hepatitis B, C, and E; and herpes B; neonatal diseases. Primate species: {about 2700} baboon (Papio) species, {242}chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), miscellaneous primate species, as required for specific research purposes. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tulane Regional Primate Research Center Center Director and contact: Examples of current research: Microbiology: experimental infections using herpes viruses, retroviruses, and simian viruses. A particular focus is on AIDS research. Primate species: Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus macaque (M. fascicularis), pigtailed macaque (M. nemestrina), patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), African green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops), spectacled mangabey (Cercocebus atys), owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus), Peruvian red-necked owl monkey (A. nancymai), baboon (Papio) species. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Washington Regional Primate Research Center Center director and contact: Examples of current research: neural control of limb movement, neural mechanisms of vision, retinal development, AIDS model systems, venereal disease, fetal alcohol syndrome, cardiovascular disease and function, transplantation and prosthesis development, bone marrow transplantation, lung transplantation, neurotransplantation, cochlear prosthetics, stem cell transplantation, pancreatic transplantation. Primate species: Cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), rhesus monkey (M. mulatta), pigtailed macaque (M. nemestrina), yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center Contact: Joseph W. Kemnitz, Ph.D. Examples of current research: ovarian dysfunction; environmental influences on psychobiology; effects of caloric restriction on aging, obesity, endometriosis; Simian immunodeficiency virus; viral transmission, pathogenesis, and persistence. Primate species: Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta; about 1,000); common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus; 275). The center maintains a breeding colony that produces more than 130 rhesus infants a year and is self-sufficient in its breeding programs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center Contact: Examples of current research: primate models for research on AIDS; molecular, cellular, and behavioral studies of drugs of abuse, especially cocaine; psychobiology, developmental studies of visual function. Primate species: Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), pigtailed macaque (M. nemestrina), cynomolgus macaque (M. fascicularis), spectacled mangabey (Cercocebus atys), baboon (Papio) species, squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Baboon Research Resources Contact: Examples of current research/objectives: To carry out multidisciplinary studies on captive baboons and to provide a resource of laboratory-born and laboratory-reared animals for NIH-sponsored research programs. Current research activities involve improved methods for production of baboons in a captive environment, methods to improve the environment and its effects on production and behavior, genetic diversity among the baboon breeding population, and future development of a specific-pathogen-free baboon breeding colony. Primates species: Baboon adults and offspring "available". -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Caribbean Primate Research Center Program Examples of current research: Cayo Santiago: Short- and long-term studies of social and sexual behavior, population genetics, demography, reproductive biology, psychopharmacology, functional morphological and spontaneous diseases (arthritis, osteoporosis, adult-onset macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetes, obesity, hypertension), and parasitoses Sabana Seca: CPRC headquarters and biomedical research on spontaneous diseases (see above), reproductive biology and embryology, social behavior, endocrinology, medical genetics, and husbandry of Cayo Santiago-derived rhesus macaques maintained under a variety of housing configurations (individual cages, pens, enclosures, and 1- to 2-acre corrals). Primate species: Rhesus macaques. Approximately 900 individuals at Cayo Santiago and 800 at Sabana Seca. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Squirrel Monkey Breeding and Research Resource Objective: To carry out multidisciplinary studies of reproduction in captive Bolivian squirrel monkeys and to provide a resource of laboratory-born and laboratory-reared animals for NIH-sponsored research programs. Examples of current research: Factors that influence captive reproduction with emphasis on developing methods to improve reproductive potential. Primate species: Approximately 450 Bolivian squirrel monkeys of varying ages. Some offspring and reproductive culls are available. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Coulston Foundation Examples of current research: vaccine development and infectious disease studies, especially retrovirology and hepatitis; studies of the efficacy and safety of potential new pharmaceuticals, including routine and special toxicology, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, residue, and immunogenicity studies; research on primate reproduction and on aging in chimpanzees. Primate species: Approximately 350 macaques and 600 chimpanzees. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primate Foundation of Arizona Contact: Objectives: To ensure that behaviorally normal and physically healthy chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are available for biomedical research and future breeding. To conduct behavioral and environmental enrichment research with a goal of improving captive management of chimpanzees. Examples of current research: development and maintenance of social behaviors, colony management including birth control methods. Primate species: Approximately 80 chimpanzees. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- University of Southwestern Louisiana Contact: Alternate contact: Objectives: To maintain and provide available research facilities, a ready source of great apes (chimpanzees) of mixed ages and sex for use in biomedical and behavioral sciences Examples of current research: vaccine development and testing; pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, preclinical safety, and efficacy studies. Viral and bacterial vaccine development and testing, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic efficacy and evaluations of conventional pharmaceuticals and monoclonal antibodies. Primate species: Approximately 360 chimpanzees and 5,500 New and Old World species of nonhuman primates: Vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops), cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), pigtailed macaque (M. nemestrina), rhesus macaque (M. mulatta). The center has established breeder colonies of pigtailed, rhesus, cynomolgus, and African green monkeys, and chimpanzees. Many are available on a use-fee basis for nonterminal programs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- University of Texas Contact: Objectives: To provide physically and behaviorally healthy chimpanzees for biomedical research and testing; to conduct relevant research projects of benefit to chimpanzee health, productivity, and well-being; to develop procedures for artificial insemination and embryo collection and transfer. Examples of current research: support collaborative programs in genetic management. Primate species: 246 chimpanzees. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LABS of Virginia Contact: Objectives: to produce physically and behaviorally normal rhesus and pigtailed monkeys free of Herpesvirus simiae, simian retroviruses (SRV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and simian T-cell leukemia virus (STLV-1); to establish a self-sufficient breeding colony capable of producing several hundred progeny each year for research. Primate species: About 1,000 rhesus macaques animals housed in 20 social/breeding units. About 300 pigtailed macaques housed in four social/breeding units. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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